Edited By Charlotte Sears
Review & Contribution By Dr. Emily Clark
Transform education through a Ph.D. in Special Education. Gain expertise in inclusive practices and lead impactful change in diverse learning environments.
Through an online Ph.D. in special education, students conduct research in diverse fields such as learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, gifted education, and behavior disorders. This program provides in-depth knowledge for expertise development in special education through research, teacher preparation, and evidence-based practices. Earning a Ph.D. in special education facilitates contributions to policy-making, research, and advancements in special education principles and practices. As a Ph.D. student, individuals will have opportunities, including academia (researcher, professor), educational policy-making, consulting roles, and leadership positions in non-profit or educational organizations. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the salary for special education teachers was $65,910 in 2022. [1].
Table Of Contents
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National University
PROGRAM: Doctor of Education – Special Education
National University, headquartered in San Diego, California, was founded in 1971 to provide educational opportunities for adult learners and working professionals. It offers over 190 degree programs, including bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees, with flexible online and on-campus courses. Serving around 40,000 students and over 240,000 alumni, the university is recognized for its support of U.S. military members. Accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC), National University is committed to accessible and transformative higher education.
Find the Best Ph.D. in Special Education Programs
When seeking the finest online Ph.D. in Special Education, it’s vital to assess various factors meticulously. These include program duration, financial aid availability, curriculum specifics, faculty expertise, and online student support. Understanding the distinction between asynchronous and synchronous learning, as well as capstone project requirements, is essential. Based on several critical components and our proprietary methodology, here is the list of the best online Ph.D. programs in special education.
| Univ | Address | Tuition | Grad Rate |
| Vanderbilt University | 2101 West End Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37240 | $54,744 | 93% |
Universities and programs are ranked by various factors, such as affordability, curriculum and coursework, reputation and availability, program length, statistics, the potential of employment, and return on investment for the students. For a more in-depth analysis, please read about our rankings methodology page.
What to Expect from a Ph.D. Special Education Program
An online Ph.D. in special education program requires students to conduct in-depth research, develop advanced knowledge and expertise, and finish specialized coursework in special education. This degree is generally 90 credits and can be completed in four to five years. Most colleges offer this program online, offline, and hybrid learning modes. It includes advanced coursework related to research methodologies, educational psychology, statistics, and more topics to conduct rigorous research. Prospective candidates must pass comprehensive exams, conduct original research in their chosen area, and defend dissertations before a committee. Upon graduation, they can pursue leadership roles in educational institutions, collaborate with disability-focused organizations, and contribute to policy-making or advocacy efforts.
Program Structure, Coursework, and Dissertation
In the early stages of a Ph.D. in special education online, students will engage with advanced curriculum and specialized topics within the domain. Through this degree, students collaborate closely with a faculty committee and advisor to design and implement original research in their chosen specialization area, addressing significant gaps in understanding. A crucial component of the doctoral program is publishing research papers and presenting at academic conferences.
The specific coursework for a Ph.D. depends on the university and chosen program. However, some broad components can be found across institutions, including:
a) Coursework
Students take many courses covering laws, education, and research during their coursework. They study the social factors affecting individuals with disabilities and the legal requirements of special education. They also focus on understanding different research methods for effective primary, secondary, and tertiary research.
b) Dissertation
Dissertations are a crucial part of any Ph.D. student’s curriculum. To fulfill the demands of the dissertation, students are required to work with their supervisors or, in some cases, two supervisors. The dissertation consists of extensive research, writing, and presenting it to a committee chosen for approval. The completed dissertation should be original and contribute to today’s anthropological knowledge.
c) Teaching Opportunities
Many Ph.D. programs offer teaching assistantships (TAs) for doctoral candidates to gain teaching experience. As a teaching assistant, candidates may assist professors in delivering lectures, leading discussions, grading assignments, and supporting students. TA positions offer a chance to integrate research-based practices into instruction and apply evidence-based strategies in the classroom setting.
d) Research Seminar
Research seminars are an integral part of a Ph.D. program in Special Education. These seminars are designed to allow doctoral students to engage in scholarly discussions, present their research progress, receive feedback, and collaborate with faculty and peers. Research seminars may involve discussions and critical analyses of current research literature on special education.
e) Dissertation Defense
The dissertation defense is the final and critical step in completing a Ph.D. in Special Education. It is an oral examination in which students present and defend their original research findings, methodologies, and conclusions before a committee of faculty members and experts.
Some topics that students can consider conducting their research or dissertation on include:
- Peer Support Helps the Socialization of Children with Disability
- Social Challenges Faced in Mainstream Schools
- Inequality in Special Education
- Transition to Inclusive Schools for Children with Special Needs
- Culturally Responsive Classroom
- Assistive Technology in Special Education
- Early Intervention to Support Children with Disability
- Co-teaching in the Inclusive Classroom
- Play Therapy
- Picture Exchange Communication System
- Literacy Intervention
Learning Outcomes and Skills Gained
A doctorate in special education online is typically research-oriented, involving the study of interventions for specific disabilities, investigating policy implications, and developing innovative teaching methods for gifted learners, among other topics. It equips individuals with a broad range of knowledge, skills, and competencies valuable for careers in academia, research, policy-making, and leadership roles. Skills acquired from a doctorate in special education include:
- Demonstrating a deep understanding of Special Education, including its history, theories, and key concepts.
- Design and conduct rigorous research studies, analyze data, interpret findings, and contribute new knowledge to the field through their dissertations.
- Proficiency in data analysis techniques, both quantitative and qualitative.
- Strong written and oral communication skills, presenting research findings, publishing research papers, and effectively communicating with diverse audiences, including educators, policymakers, and other stakeholders.
- Advocating for inclusive and equitable education, guiding educational policy, and contributing to positive changes in the field.
- Using evidence-based strategies and technologies to support diverse learners effectively.
- Cultural competence and sensitivity in working with individuals from diverse backgrounds.
- Contributing to developing policies that support the rights and educational opportunities of individuals with disabilities.
- Understanding complex issues in special education and proposing innovative solutions to enhance educational outcomes for students with disabilities.
Areas of Specialization for Special Education Ph.D. Students
Specializing in a Ph.D. in Special Education allows students to delve deeply into various field facets, such as research methodologies, educational psychology, and intervention strategies. This specialization equips students with advanced knowledge and expertise, preparing them to effectively address complex issues in special education and contribute meaningfully to advancing inclusive practices and policies. Here are a few specializations students enrolled in Ph.D. special education online can pursue:
| Area of Specialization | Description | Career Options |
|---|---|---|
| Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) | This specialization focuses on evidence-based practices to analyze and modify behavior, particularly beneficial for individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities. It equips students with advanced skills to design effective interventions and contribute to improved educational outcomes. | • Behavior Analyst • ABA Program Coordinator • ABA Consultant • Clinical Supervisor |
| Assistive Technology | Through this concentration, students understand how to incorporate assistive technology into lesson planning, support students with disabilities using different technological tools, and monitor their progress. They also gain knowledge of legal regulations, considerations to ensure privacy, and ethical guidelines for using assistive technologies. | • Assistive Technology Coordinator • Inclusion Specialist • Assistive Technology Specialist • Special Education Technology Consultant |
| Literacy Intervention | This specialization focuses on research-based strategies to address reading and writing difficulties. Students learn to design and implement effective literacy programs, assess student needs, and adapt instruction to diverse learning styles. This specialization equips educators to promote literacy development and academic success for all learners. | • Special Education Teacher • Supported Employment Specialist • Residential Program Coordinator • Literacy Coach |
| Autism Spectrum Disorders | Through this concentration, students focus on autism spectrum disorder and support communication and social skills development. They also learn about different communication techniques and strategies, including interventions in speech and language, augmentative and alternative communication systems, and social skills training. | • Autism Specialist • Autism Consultant • Behavior Analyst • Early Intervention Specialist for ASD |
| Gifted and Talented Student Education | Students learn about acceleration and enrichment strategies through this specialization to provide challenging learning opportunities for talented and gifted students. They also understand how to develop and implement individualized educational programs and advanced learning plans outlining specific goals, accommodations, and instructional strategies to meet the unique needs of talented learners. | • Gifted Education Specialist • Talent Development Specialist • Gifted Education Consultant • Curriculum Coordinator for Gifted Programs Occupational Therapist |
Full-Time and Part-Time Ph.D. Programs
The timeline to complete a Ph.D. in special education varies based on factors like program structure, prior education, research progress, and individual circumstances. An online Ph.D. in Special Education takes about 4 to 6 years. Full-time students typically finish in 4 years, while part-timers may take up to 6 years. Students undertake foundational coursework in research methods, educational psychology, and specialized topics in the first year. In the second year, they continue advanced coursework and develop their dissertation proposal. Students complete coursework and comprehensive exams (if applicable) by the third year, followed by intensive dissertation research and writing in the fourth year.
Accelerated Special Education Ph.D. Programs
Accelerated Ph.D. in special education are uncommon compared to traditional ones. These aim for completion in a shorter duration than the typical 4-6 years. However, the availability of accelerated programs varies between universities and may change. They require a strong research foundation and may be suitable for individuals with a relevant master’s degree and research experience. Additionally, accelerated programs often feature a more structured and focused curriculum to expedite coursework and research requirements.
Requirements for Getting into a Ph.D. in Special Education Program
Gaining admission to a Ph.D. program in Special Education is competitive, with requirements differing among universities and programs. Prior research experience, such as participation in projects, conducting studies, or contributing to publications, can enhance candidates’ application prospects. Here are the typical admission requirements for Ph.D. in special education online programs:
- Application form and fee
- A master’s degree in Special Education or a related field is often required to apply for a Ph.D. program
- GPA of 3.5 or higher on a 4.0 scale
- Statement of purpose or personal statement outlining research interests, career goals, and reasons for pursuing a Ph.D. in Special Education
- Two to three letters of recommendation from academic or professional references who can attest to candidates’ research abilities, work ethic, and potential for success in a Ph.D. program are essential
- Graduate Record Examination scores
- Some Ph.D. programs may request a research proposal outlining candidates’ intended research project or a portfolio showcasing their previous research work
- Graduate resume
- Writing samples, such as research papers or academic essays, to assess writing and analytical skills.
No GRE Ph.D. in Special Education
Many institutions have updated their admissions policies to accommodate applicants without GRE scores. Instead, they may emphasize other application components, such as academic transcripts, letters of recommendation, research experience, statement of purpose, and writing samples. Some colleges providing a Ph.D. in special education online no GRE are:
How to Ensure a Ph.D. in Special Education Program is Accredited
Accreditation ensures that educational institutions meet established quality standards, providing students with assurance regarding the credibility and effectiveness of their programs. For students, accreditation offers confidence in the value of their education, enhances the transferability of credits, facilitates eligibility for financial aid, and ensures recognition of their qualifications by employers and professional organizations. The Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation4 accredits educator preparation programs, including Ph.D. special education, to ensure they meet high-quality standards for producing effective educators.
Some colleges also gain regional accreditation by the following bodies:
- New England Commission of Higher Education (NECHE)
- Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE)
- Higher Learning Commission (HLC)
- Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges (SACSCOC)
- Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU)
- Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC)
Where to Find Free Online Courses for Special Education Ph.D. Students
Free courses offer accessible learning opportunities for students to acquire new skills and knowledge without financial burden. While not accredited, they provide valuable personal and professional development resources, supplementing formal education. Free courses enhance flexibility, promote lifelong learning, and empower individuals to explore diverse subjects and interests at their own pace. Here are a few free special education courses Ph.D. students can explore:
| Course | Provided by | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Managing ADHD, Autism, Learning Disabilities, and Concussion in School5 | Coursera | This course provides a deeper understanding of how ADHD, concussions, and autism spectrum disorder affect a child’s mental, emotional, and physical health. Learners also acquire skills in managing meltdowns, breakdowns, concussions, etc. |
| Special Education: Shadow Teaching 6 | Alison | This special education teacher training course explores shadow teaching’s role in aiding children with special educational needs (SEN) to excel academically. It equips participants with skills and techniques shadow teachers use to provide personalized support to children facing learning challenges. Additionally, it examines the role of specialists in supporting special education and assisting children with language and learning disorders. |
| Making Education Inclusive7 | Future Learn | This course helps learners understand the community support needed for inclusive schooling, including community assets, changing mindsets, and critical stakeholders. They grasp how to change classroom practices to maximize inclusion and establish professional support networks to sustain teachers. |
Ways to Pay for a Ph.D. in Special Education Program
With the rising expenses associated with online Ph.D. programs in special education, students encounter challenges in funding their education. The cost of these programs can vary based on factors like geographic location, program structure (thesis vs. non-thesis), travel, and additional resources. Consequently, the financial burden may deter some individuals from pursuing these programs. Here are a few funding options Ph.D in Special Education students can consider:
Scholarships provide vital financial support for students pursuing education, easing the burden of tuition fees and expenses. They promote academic excellence, rewarding merit, talent, and dedication. Scholarships foster diversity by enabling students from various backgrounds to access higher education.
Graduate Assistantships
Graduate assistantships offer students valuable experience while pursuing advanced degrees. These positions typically involve teaching, research, or administrative responsibilities in exchange for a stipend, tuition waiver, or both. Assistantships enhance students’ skills and help offset the costs of graduate education.
Grants are financial awards that students receive to cover educational expenses. They provide vital support, particularly for those with financial need, promoting access to education and helping students achieve their academic and career aspirations.
The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is a crucial form for students seeking financial aid for college in the United States. It determines eligibility for federal grants, loans, work-study programs, and state and institutional aid. Completing the FAFSA is vital in accessing financial assistance for higher education.
Fully Funded Ph.D. in Special Education
In the United States, fully funded Ph.D. programs in special education are relatively rare compared to other fields or disciplines. Fully funded programs typically cover the cost of tuition, provide a stipend for living expenses, and may also include health insurance benefits. Funding is often provided through assistantships, fellowships, research grants, or scholarships. Prospective students should contact universities for funding details.
Career Opportunities and Salaries After Graduating with a Ph.D. in Special Education
Graduating with a Ph.D. in special education offers diverse career opportunities across various sectors. Salaries vary depending on roles and industries. The degree equips individuals with advanced skills and knowledge, facilitating opportunities for meaningful contributions to the field and potential financial rewards in their chosen career paths. Some common occupations for doctoral candidates with a degree in special education include
- Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor
- Transition Coordinator
- Support Services Coordinator
- Special Education Teacher
- Special Education Administrator
- Learning Support Specialist
- Inclusion Specialist
- Educational Diagnostician
- Early Intervention Specialist
- Disability Services Coordinator
- Behavior Analyst
- Assistive Technology Specialist
Here are a few more occupations explained:
| Occupation | Skills Required | Median Annual Salary | Job Growth (up to 2031) | Job Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Special Education Teachers[1] | Communication, critical thinking, interpersonal, patience, and resourcefulness skills. | $65,910 | 0% (little or no change) | Special Education Teachers discuss the student’s progress with teachers, counselors, administrators, and other stakeholders. They mentor and supervise teacher assistants who work with individuals with disabilities and prepare them to independently transition from grade to grade and from school to their life outside of school. |
| Career and Technical Education Teachers 8 | Communication, organizational, patience, and resourcefulness skills. | $63,580 | 0% (little or no change) | Career and Technical Education teaches students the different techniques, tools, and tasks used in an occupation. They assign hands-on tasks and oversee these activities in laboratories and workshops in the school. These professionals also work with nonprofit organizations or local businesses to provide practical work experience. |
| Professor – Special Education9 | Communication, compassion, leadership, listening, patience, and resourcefulness skills. | $105,087 | No Data Available | A Professor of Special Education instructs courses in the field, designing curricula to enhance student learning and participation. They also offer academic support, maintain records, and evaluate coursework. By collaborating with colleagues on research and extracurriculars, they contribute to departmental goals. |
| School and Career Counselors and Advisors10 | Analytical, compassionate, interpersonal, listening, and speaking skills. | $60,140 | 5% (As fast as average) | School and career counselors and advisors advise individuals and small groups of students based on their needs and present different educational or vocational plans after graduation. They help learners to understand and overcome other behavioral and social challenges. |
| Day Care Center Director11 | Analytical, communication, decision-making, interpersonal, and leadership skills. | $85,400 | No Data Available | The responsibilities of the Childcare Center Director include managing recruitment and staffing procedures, supervising the day-to-day functioning of the childcare facility, and adhering to state licensing mandates. They coordinate enrollment, communications, and community events to nurture strong family connections. Moreover, they conduct staff training and ensure that the center’s activities and environment prioritize children’s welfare, safety, and comfort. |
Certifications and Licensing for Ph.D. in Special Education Graduates
Certifications validate students’ skills and knowledge in specific fields, enhancing their employability and career prospects. They provide a competitive edge in job markets, demonstrating expertise and dedication to potential employers. Certifications also offer professional growth and advancement opportunities, empowering students to achieve their career goals. Some certifications special education Ph.D. students can obtain are:
Certified Disability Management Specialist12
To earn the Certified Disability Management Specialist (CDMS) certification, you must pass the CDMS examination. The examination tests your knowledge of disability management principles, practices, and ethics. It covers disability laws and regulations, workplace accommodations, return-to-work strategies, and vocational rehabilitation.
National Association of Special Education Teachers- Board Certification in Special Education13
The NASET/AASEP Board Certification in Special Education program provides specializations in different areas of special education, enabling participants to concentrate on specific aspects that match their professional interests and expertise. Those pursuing certification must pass a comprehensive examination evaluating their knowledge of assessment, intervention strategies, behavior management, and legal and ethical considerations.
Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist14
A Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist (CTRS) certification is highly regarded within therapeutic recreation and can enhance job opportunities, professional credibility, and the ability to serve diverse populations effectively. This certification helps individuals to work in various settings, including hospitals, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, mental health facilities, schools, and community agencies.
Many states require specific prerequisite coursework related to special education as part of the teacher preparation program. Candidates may need to pass one or more state-specific teacher certification exams or assessments, which evaluate their knowledge of teaching practices and subject matter.
Additional Resources for Ph.D. in Special Education Graduates
Access to additional resources such as online courses, workshops, and academic journals allows students to broaden their understanding and expertise in their field of study. Professional association membership provides networking opportunities, access to conferences, and exclusive resources, further enriching students’ learning experiences and preparing them for future career opportunities in their respective fields. Here are a few examples of organizations students of a special education doctoral program can explore:
| Title/Resource | Description |
|---|---|
| National PTA | The National PTA is a nonprofit organization in the United States dedicated to promoting children’s health, well-being, and educational success through strong family, school, and community partnerships. It advocates for policies that benefit children and provides resources and support to parents, teachers, and students nationwide. |
| National Association of Special Education Teachers | The National Association of Special Education Teachers (NASET) provides professional development opportunities, such as webinars, workshops, and conferences, to help educators stay current with best practices and trends in special education. They advocate for the needs and rights of individuals with disabilities and support policies that enhance special education services quality. |
| Council for Exceptional Children | The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) advocates for policies and legislation that support exceptional individuals and their families. It also offers awards and scholarships to recognize outstanding contributions to special education and support future educators and researchers. |
| Council for Learning Disabilities | The Council for Learning Disabilities (CLD) offers professional development opportunities, including webinars and workshops, to help educators stay informed about evidence-based practices and innovative approaches to teaching students with learning disabilities. It also advocates for policies that promote effective educational practices and support for individuals with learning disabilities. |
| International Association for Special Education | The International Association for Special Education (IASE) facilitates collaboration and networking among its members, fostering international cooperation to address global challenges in special education. They advocate for inclusive and equitable education for individuals with exceptionalities worldwide, promoting policies and practices that support their educational and social development. |
FAQs About Ph.D. in Special Education Programs
Can you get a Ph.D. in special education online?
Online Ph.D. programs provide flexibility and accessibility for students who may not be able to attend a traditional on-campus program due to personal or professional commitments. Typically, they follow the same rigorous academic standards as their on-campus counterparts.
What can you do with a Ph.D. in special education?
Is a Ph.D. in special education worth it?
What is the difference between a Ph.D. and EdD in special education?
How long does completing an online Ph.D. in special education take?
Is it necessary to have a master’s degree in special education to pursue a Ph.D.?
Citations:
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: Job Outlook for the Profession of Special Education Teachers
University of Northern Colorado
Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation
Managing ADHD, Autism, Learning Disabilities, and Concussion in School-Coursera
Well and Able – Improving the Physical Health of People with Intellectual Disability-edX
Making Education Inclusive- Future Learn
Professor- Special Education- Salary.com
Day Care Center Director- Salary.com
Certified Disability Management Specialist
National Association of Special Education Teachers- Board Certification in Special Education
Disclaimer:
The average tuition (based on degree type for in-state students), average graduation rates, and rankings are based on data from various sources, including the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), and are variable over time. All rankings and statistics are subject to change. The rankings are solely the opinion of Find Best Degrees (FBD) and are based on our proprietary methodology. They do not represent the views of the institutions or organizations mentioned, nor do they represent any official government census or survey. Furthermore, any views or opinions expressed on this page are of FBD’s researchers and teams. Unless otherwise specified, they do not represent the thoughts and opinions of the individuals, institutions, or organizations mentioned. This page’s content is provided solely for informational purposes, with data drawn from various sources, including IPEDS. FBD and its employees make no guarantees regarding the accuracy or completeness of any information found on this page or by following any link. FBD will not be held liable for any errors or omissions in this material nor any losses, injuries, or damages resulting from the exposure or use of this information. Although the information on this page is/was correct at the time of publication, readers should exercise caution because some or all of the provided information may have changed over time, potentially resulting in inaccuracies. For more information, please read our Terms of Service. Trademarks and logos are the property of their registered owners.