Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering

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Brady Nagel
Written By - Brady Nagel

Check MarkEdited By Barani Krishnan

Check MarkReview & Contribution By Dr. Ava Wilson

A Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering is research-focused and aims at technological innovation and academia. Graduates are prepared for careers in academia, research, and industry leadership.

A Ph.D. in electrical engineering offers advanced coursework in electromagnetics, computer networks, nanotechnology, photonics, and artificial intelligence. It is designed to build upon the foundational knowledge gained in a master’s degree program and provides opportunities for cutting-edge research. Pursuing online Ph.D. programs in electrical engineering offers flexibility to students, allowing them to continue working while earning their degree and gaining practical experience in the field while studying. Graduates of this program are well-prepared to pursue careers in various industries, including telecommunications, power generation, computer hardware and software development, and manufacturing. They can also pursue academic careers as professors or researchers. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics,[1]   the median annual wage for electrical engineers was $101,780 and a projected job growth rate of 3%. A Ph.D. in electrical engineering can provide students with advanced skills and knowledge, competitive salaries, and a positive job outlook.

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National University

PROGRAM: Doctor of Philosophy in Technology Management – Data Science

National University, headquartered in San Diego, California, was founded in 1971 to provide educational opportunities for adult learners and working professionals. It offers over 190 degree programs, including bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees, with flexible online and on-campus courses. Serving around 40,000 students and over 240,000 alumni, the university is recognized for its support of U.S. military members. Accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC), National University is committed to accessible and transformative higher education.

Find the Best Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Programs

Opting for a Doctorate in Electrical Engineering lays a strong groundwork for a vibrant career in technology and innovation. Selecting the ideal program is vital, given the escalating need for proficient electrical engineers across diverse industries. Our FBD team meticulously evaluates each program, examining accreditation, curriculum depth, faculty expertise, online learning flexibility, technological resources, and student support services. This comprehensive assessment, guided by a robust ranking methodology, equips individuals to make informed decisions and pursue a successful path toward attaining the finest electrical engineering degree. Some of the best Ph.D. in electrical engineering programs are:

Focus on rigor and research opprutunities.
Univ Address Tuition Grad Rate
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 $60,156 96%

Universities and programs are ranked by various factors, such as affordability, curriculum and coursework, reputation and availability, program length, statistics, the potential of employment, and return on investment for the students. For a more in-depth analysis, please read about our rankings methodology page

What to Expect from a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering

A Ph.D. electrical engineering is an intensive academic program that provides advanced training in various areas of electrical engineering. The program builds upon the foundational knowledge gained in a master’s degree program and emphasizes research, allowing students to engage in cutting-edge research in their area of interest. The program is usually delivered online, with some offering a hybrid format that combines online and on-campus coursework. Most programs require them to complete between 60 to 90 credits, including coursework completed online, virtual labs, and online assignments. In addition to coursework, individuals in the Ph.D. in electrical engineering program must engage in cutting-edge research in their area of interest, culminating in a dissertation. The program’s research component provides them with practical experience and prepares them for careers in research and development, academia, or management roles.

Program Structure, Coursework, and Dissertation

The program structure for an electrical engineering Ph.D. typically involves a combination of coursework and research. The coursework component of the program provides students with advanced knowledge and skills in various areas of electrical engineering. The program’s research component involves conducting original research in their area of interest. Individuals work closely with faculty advisors and may collaborate with other researchers in the field. The study culminates in a dissertation, a written document presenting the research findings clearly and concisely.

The dissertation follows a specific structure, including an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, and conclusion. The dissertation must be defended orally in front of a committee of faculty members and other experts in the field. Some sample courses for a Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering include:

Control systems
This course studies systems designed to operate automatically or with minimum human intervention. The course aims to provide students with advanced knowledge and skills in modeling, analysis, and design of control systems. They will learn about control systems, including linear, nonlinear, digital, and adaptive systems. The coursework also covers applications of control systems in various fields, including robotics, aerospace, power systems, and manufacturing.

Electric power and energy systems
This course gives students an in-depth understanding of the principles and practices of electric and energy systems and their applications. The course covers various topics related to electric power systems, including power generation, transmission and distribution, power system analysis, power system stability and control, and power electronics. They will also learn about renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, and their integration into the power grid.

Electromagnetics, antennas, and microwave circuits
The course focuses on the fundamental principles of electromagnetics and their applications to antennas and microwave circuits. Students will learn about the various types of antennas and their properties, including radiation patterns, directivity, and gain. They will also learn about the design and analysis of microwave circuits, including passive and active circuits, microwave filters, amplifiers, and mixers.

Electronic and mixed-signal circuit design
The course covers fundamental concepts in circuit theory, such as circuit analysis techniques, network theorems, and circuit models. It also covers advanced topics in electronic circuit design, such as operational amplifiers, oscillators, filters, and feedback systems. Students in this course will also learn about integrated circuit (IC) design, which involves designing and manufacturing electronic circuits on a microchip.

Signal processing and communications
This course covers the theoretical and practical aspects of signal processing, communication systems, and information theory. Students will learn to analyze, design, and implement signal processing algorithms, digital communication systems, and wireless networks. The course typically covers sampling and quantization, signal transforms, modulation and demodulation techniques, coding and decoding techniques, equalization, synchronization, and channel estimation. Individuals will also learn about the impact of noise, interference, and fading on the performance of communication systems and how to mitigate these effects.

Learning Outcomes and Skills Gained

A doctorate in electrical engineering program aims to provide students with advanced knowledge, research skills, and expertise in electrical engineering. Ph.D. graduates in Electrical Engineering acquire a wide range of skills and learning outcomes that are highly sought after by employers. The program aims to equip them with a solid understanding of their study area and the capacity to utilize this knowledge to address practical issues.

Upon graduating from the program, they can expect to have the ability to: 

  • demonstrate mastery of advanced knowledge in their area of research specialization;
  • design and conduct independent research using advanced techniques and equipment;
  • demonstrate competence in analyzing complex systems and developing solutions to complex engineering problems;
  • demonstrate proficiency in programming languages and software tools commonly used in electrical engineering research and development;
  • demonstrate strong communication skills, including presenting research findings to diverse audiences;
  • work collaboratively with peers, mentors, and other professionals in interdisciplinary teams;
  • demonstrate familiarity with ethical principles and professional standards relevant to electrical engineering research and practice;
  • demonstrate capacity for lifelong learning and professional development, including staying up-to-date with emerging technologies and industry trends;
  • demonstrate potential for leadership roles in academia, industry, or government sectors, where they can contribute to developing and implementing innovative solutions in electrical engineering.

Areas of Specialization for Electrical Engineering Ph.D. Students

A diverse range of specializations will be available for a student pursuing a doctorate in electrical engineering. Each specialization is designed to provide the expertise and knowledge required to pursue a specific career path. However, it is essential to note that not all specializations may be offered by every program or institution.

Area of Specialization Description Career Options
Power ElectronicsFocuses on designing and developing power electronic systems, including converters, inverters, and motor drives. Applications include renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, and industrial automation.Power electronics engineer, converter design engineer, inverter design engineer, and motor drive engineer.
ElectromagneticsStudies the behavior and interaction of electromagnetic fields with matter. Applications include wireless communication, radar and remote sensing, and medical imaging.Electromagnetics engineer, antenna design engineer, radar and remote sensing engineer, and medical imaging engineer.
RoboticsDeals with robot design, construction, and operation, including control systems, sensors, and artificial intelligence. Applications include manufacturing, healthcare, and space exploration.Robotics engineer, control systems engineer, artificial intelligence engineer, and manufacturing engineer.
Signal ProcessingIt analyzes, processes, and interprets signals like audio, video, and biometric data. Applications include speech recognition, image and video processing, and biomedical signal analysis.Signal processing engineer, speech recognition engineer, image and video processing engineer, and biomedical signal analysis engineer.
VLSI DesignStudies designing and developing large-scale integrated circuits (VLSI) in advanced electronics and computing applications.VLSI design engineer, IC design engineer, semiconductor engineer, and verification engineer.

Full-Time and Part-Time Ph.D. Programs

Full-time and part-time programs are typically available for Ph.D. electrical engineering Ph.D. programs students. Full-time programs usually require 3 to 5 years of study, depending on the program and the individual’s progress. The length of the program is often measured in credits, with the requirement typically ranging from 60 to 90 credits. Part-time programs are also available, which allow students to study at their own pace while balancing other commitments, such as work or family. The duration of part-time programs can vary widely but typically take longer than full-time programs. The time required to complete a part-time program depends on the number of credits taken per semester but may range from 5-7 years or more. It is important to note that the specific duration of the program will depend on the institution and the individual’s progress. Additionally, many programs offer flexibility in course load and scheduling, allowing them to customize their program of study based on their needs and goals.

Accelerated Electrical Engineering Ph.D. Programs

Accelerated Ph.D. in electrical engineering programs are not as standard as in other fields such as medicine or law. One reason for this is the nature of electrical engineering research, which tends to be highly specialized and requires significant time and resources. Another factor is that electrical engineering is a field that is heavily tied to the industry, and many Ph.D. students in this field may choose to work in the private sector after graduation rather than pursue academic careers. This can make it difficult for universities to justify the investment in an accelerated program that may not yield long-term benefits for the institution. Additionally, Ph.D. programs in electrical engineering typically require a significant amount of coursework and research, making it challenging to condense the program into a shorter time frame without sacrificing the quality of education.

Admission Requirements for Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Programs

The admission requirements for Ph.D. in electrical engineering programs require students to fulfill specific documentation requirements. Most universities typically require applicants to have completed a master’s degree in electrical engineering or a related field. Since Ph.D. programs require advanced coursework, institutions usually ensure applicants have a foundational understanding of electrical engineering. As a result, applicants may need to have completed prerequisite courses in math and other subjects. ABET-accredited programs typically require applicants to have a master’s degree from an ABET-accredited institution. Some of the standard admission requirements for online electrical engineering Ph.D. programs include:

  • Application fee and completed form
  • Graduate degree from an ABET-accredited program
  • Admissions essay that describes your professional and educational aspiration
  • Test scores from the Graduate Record Exam or GRE (waived off by some schools)
  • Personal statement or statement of purpose
  • Graduate Resume highlighting any experience in engineering or related fields.

In addition to these general requirements, some online Electrical Engineering Ph.D. programs may have specific requirements unique to the program.

No GRE Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering

The standardized tests for admission into graduate programs, such as Masters and Ph.D. programs, are the GRE (Graduate Record Examination) and GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test). The GRE is commonly required for admission to various graduate programs, including engineering, natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. It evaluates applicants’ verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills. 

On the other hand, the GMAT is designed explicitly for admission into business school programs. It measures the verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, integrated reasoning, and analytical writing skills of test-takers. Some colleges and universities may omit the GRE or GMAT requirement during admission. 

One reason is to make the application process more accessible to students who may have difficulty with standardized tests or lack the resources to take them. Additionally, some programs may prioritize other aspects of the application, such as work experience or the undergraduate GPA, as better indicators of their potential success in a graduate program. Furthermore, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many universities temporarily waived GRE and GMAT requirements for admission to graduate programs. Some institutions offering Ph.D. in electrical engineering no gre requirement include:

How to Ensure a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Program is Accredited

Programmatic accreditation for electrical engineering Ph.D. is uncommon, as institutional accreditation is the primary accreditation for universities offering such programs. However, a few programmatic accreditation bodies related to Electrical Engineering may be relevant to certain aspects of the program. Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)- accredits engineering and technology programs in the United States, including Electrical Engineering. ABET [5] accreditation ensures that a program meets specific standards of educational quality, including rigorous academic preparation, faculty qualifications, and assessment of student learning outcomes.

Some regional organizations providing accreditation for doctoral electrical engineering degrees include:

Free Electrical Engineering Courses

Free courses typically focus on specific topics within electrical engineering, allowing learners to gain specialized knowledge in circuit design, power systems, or telecommunications. These courses, developed by industry professionals and leading institutions, ensure up-to-date and relevant content. Completion of free courses can enhance resumes, showcasing a commitment to continuous learning and professional development. Many platforms offer certificates upon completion, validating acquired skills and knowledge. Some free electrical engineering courses students can pursue include:

CourseDescriptionProvided by
Electrical Engineering: Sensing, Powering, and Controlling [13]FutureLearn offers free online courses with a minimal subscription fee. This introductory online course delves into electronic, electrical, and systems engineering. The course covers standard electrical circuits, like those used in musical instrument pickups and advanced circuits in space devices. It includes video lectures and quizzes.FutureLearn
Electrical Power Generation [14]This course aims to foster fundamental skills in power generation that enable individuals to make informed decisions concerning the maintenance of different generating stations and auxiliary equipment within a power plant. Additionally, it serves as a foundation for further study in power system transmission, utilization, and protection to ensure seamless and consistent operations.Udemy
Renewable Energy Specialization [15]This course aims to provide students with an understanding of the operations and performance of renewable energy technologies. This course will teach them how renewable energy systems integrate with electricity grid operations and market structures. By the end of this course, they will have a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental physical characteristics of renewable energy and electricity.Coursera

Ways to Pay for a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Program

For those pursuing a Ph.D. in electrical engineering, securing financial aid and exploring funding options are vital steps to ensure educational access. Emphasizing affordability when selecting a degree underscores the importance of understanding various financial assistance avenues. By exploring different options and combining multiple funding sources, candidates can make their doctoral journey more accessible and financially viable, investing in their education and future career prospects.

Merit-based and need-based scholarships from universities, professional organizations, and engineering associations provide crucial financial support for doctoral candidates, emphasizing the importance of early application.

Completing the FAFSA opens doors to federal grants, loans, and work-study programs based on income and need. This offers avenues to reduce tuition costs significantly.

Grants

Federal, state, and private grants, such as the FSEOG, offer non-repayable aid based on financial need. Diligent research and timely applications are essential for securing funding.

Work-Study Programs

Federal work-study opportunities allow students to earn an income while studying, providing financial support and complementing academic pursuits.

Employer Tuition Assistance

Employer-sponsored programs can offer financial support for further education, providing opportunities for full-time employees to advance their careers in engineering.

Personal Savings and Payment Plans

Using personal savings and flexible payment plans helps offset tuition expenses while spreading payments over time, easing financial burdens.

Student Loans

Federal loans with favorable terms can bridge financial gaps, but careful consideration and understanding of terms are crucial to avoid excessive debt after graduation. Doctoral candidates can also check donors who help.

By leveraging these diverse funding sources, doctoral candidates in Electrical Engineering can manage costs and focus on academic and career goals, ensuring a rewarding and successful educational journey.

Fully Funded Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering

A fully funded Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering offers an exceptional opportunity for students to pursue advanced research and education without the financial burden. These programs typically cover tuition, provide a stipend for living expenses, and may include additional funds for research-related costs. Funding is often secured through scholarships, fellowships, research assistantships, and teaching assistantships, allowing students to focus entirely on their studies and research. Fully funded programs alleviate financial stress and offer resources such as access to cutting-edge laboratories, mentorship from leading experts, and opportunities to present at conferences and publish in prestigious journals. Some institutions providing such fully funded online Ph.D. in electrical engineering include:

UniversityDescription
University of Colorado Boulder [16]University of Colorado Boulder offers a fully funded online Ph.D. in an electrical engineering program with a tuition waiver and stipend for qualified students. Research areas include power electronics, electromagnetics, optics and photonics, and more. Courses are delivered through online platforms.
North Carolina State University [17]North Carolina State University offers a fully funded online Ph.D. in an electrical engineering program with a tuition waiver and stipend for qualified students. Research areas include communications, networking, power systems, renewable energy, and more. Courses are delivered synchronously and asynchronously through online platforms.
University of Michigan [18]The University of Michigan offers a fully funded online Ph.D. program with a tuition waiver, health insurance, and stipend. Research areas include control systems, signal and image processing, power and energy systems, and more.

While fully funded programs for Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering are generally available, the number of such programs is limited. Some programs may offer partial or financial aid instead of full funding. It is essential to check with the individual program or university for specific details on funding options.

Career Opportunities and Salaries After Graduating from a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering

After obtaining a Ph.D. in electrical engineering, graduates can expect to have various career opportunities available to them. They can work in different settings, such as academia, government agencies, research and development centers, and private industries. The job titles available to online Ph.D. electrical engineering graduates vary, including positions such as Electrical Engineer, Research Scientist, Professor, Systems Engineer, and more.

Graduates of this doctoral program will have access to numerous career opportunities, including:

  • Consulting Engineer
  • Control Systems Engineer
  • Electronics Engineer
  • Embedded Systems Engineer
  • Field Service Engineer
  • Power Systems Engineer
  • Project Manager
  • Renewable Energy Engineer
  • Research Scientist
  • Systems Engineer
  • Technical Sales Engineer
  • Telecommunications Engineer
  • Test Engineer

Some of these occupations are elaborated on below:

OccupationJob DescriptionSkills RequiredMedian Annual Salary Job Growth (up to 2032)
Research Engineer [19]Research engineers design and conduct experiments, analyze data, and develop models to solve complex electrical engineering problems. They collaborate with other engineers and researchers to develop new technologies and products, and they may also supervise junior engineers or technicians. Research engineers publish their findings in technical reports and scientific journals and may present their research at conferences.Vital research and analytical skills, excellent problem-solving abilities, proficiency in programming languages, and knowledge of electrical engineering principles.$120,9933% (as fast as average)
Postsecondary Teachers [20]Postsecondary Teachers teach courses, design curricula, grade assignments and exams, and advise students. They also conduct research, publish their findings in academic journals, and present their research at conferences. Postsecondary Teachers may also supervise graduate students or serve on committees.Strong communication and teaching skills, research and analytical abilities, time management, and organization.$84,3808% (faster than average)
Control and Instrumentation Engineer [21]The job entails creating, improving, and managing control systems and instrumentation by selecting suitable control hardware and software components. It also involves developing and testing control algorithms and software for control systems and designing and implementing SCADA, DCS, and PLC systems for industrial processes. Additionally, the position requires identifying and resolving control system and instrumentation issues.Strong technical knowledge of electrical, electronic, and mechanical systems, control theory, instrumentation, and automation techniques; ability to design, implement, and troubleshoot control systems and instrumentation; good communication and problem-solving skills.$125,4663% (as fast as average)
Control Systems Engineer [22]Control systems engineers are accountable for developing, designing, and sustaining control systems for diverse industries, including manufacturing, aerospace, and defense. Their primary responsibility is to guarantee the efficient and effective operation of the systems.Knowledge of control systems theory and applications, experience with programming languages such as MATLAB, C++, or Python, and strong analytical and problem-solving skills.$84,5007% (faster than average)

Certifications and Licensing for Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Graduates

Certifications and licensing can significantly enhance the career prospects of Ph.D. students in Electrical Engineering, providing formal recognition of their expertise and expanding their professional opportunities. In addition to obtaining these certifications, Ph.D. students should engage in continuous learning through Professional Development Hours (PDHs) and participate in workshops, seminars, and conferences to stay current with industry trends. These certifications and licenses enhance expertise and improve employability, allowing graduates to stand out in the competitive job market and advance their careers in specialized and high-demand areas of electrical engineering. Here are key certifications and licensing for students pursuing an electrical engineering Ph.D.:

Certified Energy Manager (CEM) [23]

The CEM certification is for professionals responsible for managing and optimizing energy use in commercial, institutional, and industrial facilities. It covers energy auditing, HVAC systems, lighting, motors, and building envelope topics. It requires passing an exam and meeting specific education and experience requirements.

Certified Automation Professional (CAP) [24]

The CAP certification is for professionals designing, implementing, and maintaining industrial automation and control systems. It covers topics on control system design, programming, networking, and cybersecurity. It requires passing an exam and meeting specific education and experience requirements.

National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies (NICET) [25]

NICET certification is for engineering technicians in various fields, including electrical engineering. It covers topics such as electrical power systems, electronics, and telecommunications. It requires passing an exam and meeting specific education and experience requirements. NICET certification is recognized by many employers and state licensing boards in the U.S.

Professional Engineer (PE) License [26]  

A PE license is required for engineers who work in Certified Electrical Safety Compliance Professionals (CESCP), offered by the Board of Certified Safety Professionals (BCSP) to demonstrate competence in electrical safety as a professional. Obtaining the CESCP certification necessitates a minimum of two years of experience in adhering to electrical safety guidelines, and passing a certification test.

Additional Resources for Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Graduates

Joining professional organizations offers numerous benefits for Ph.D. students in Electrical Engineering, significantly enhancing their academic experience and professional growth. These organizations provide ample networking opportunities, allowing them to connect with industry professionals, potential employers, and peers, fostering relationships that can lead to job opportunities and collaborations. Access to experienced mentors offers valuable guidance and career advice, while workshops, seminars, webinars, and conferences provide ongoing education, keeping them well-informed of the latest advancements and trends. Notable professional organizations for Ph.D. candidates in Electrical Engineering include IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), NSPE (National Society of Professional Engineers), and ASEE (American Society for Engineering Education). Some organizations that PhD students in electrical engineering can pursue include:

OrganizationDescription
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) [27]With a mission to promote technology for the betterment of humanity, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is the largest professional association for engineers. It provides opportunities for professional development, technical publications, conferences, and standards development, covering various engineering fields. IEEE also offers programs and resources to support students and young professionals advance their careers.
Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE) [28]The Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE) is a professional organization for industrial and systems engineers aimed at advancing and promoting the field. IISE offers its members access to conferences, publications, networking opportunities, and professional development resources, including webinars and certifications. With a focus on efficiency, IISE supports research and education in logistics, manufacturing, and supply chain management. The organization also provides programs for students and young professionals to help their industrial and systems engineering career growth.
Electrochemical Society [29]The Electrochemical Society is a professional society for scientists and engineers in electrochemistry. It offers its members access to publications, conferences, networking opportunities, and educational resources for students and young professionals. The Electrochemical Society is focused on advancing research and promoting knowledge in areas such as batteries, fuel cells, and sensors.
Electrical Engineering Community [30]The online community for electrical engineering students and professionals, known as the Electrical Engineering Community, offers a platform to connect, share experiences and knowledge, and access educational resources. Members can participate in forums, webinars, and events, making it an excellent tool for networking.
Society of Women Engineers (SWE) [31]The Society of Women Engineers (SWE) is a non-profit organization that promotes diversity and empowers women in engineering. It provides its members networking opportunities, career resources, and professional development opportunities. SWE also advocates for policies and initiatives that support women in engineering.

FAQs About Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering Programs

Why should you do a Ph.D. in electrical engineering?

Ph.D. in electrical engineering allows students to study and conduct research from anywhere globally, providing greater flexibility and convenience. Online programs often have lower tuition costs than traditional on-campus programs, making them more cost-effective. Additionally, online Ph.D. programs may provide access to various resources and expertise through virtual platforms. Finally, pursuing an online Ph.D. allows students to balance their studies with work or other commitments, making it a more accessible option for those with busy schedules.

What can you do with a Ph.D. in electrical engineering?

Is a Ph.D. in electrical engineering worth it?

How much does a Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering cost?

What is the duration of a Ph.D. in electrical engineering?

Which is the best college for a Ph.D. in electrical engineering?

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